The coconut industry is an essential source of livelihood for many developing countries worldwide. Indonesia, India, and the Philippines are the largest producers and exporters of coconuts, with the Philippines producing 14.49 million tonnes of coconuts in 2020. The global market for coconut production is predicted to grow from USD 11.6 billion in 2020 to USD 23.39 billion in 2027. With the majority of coconuts being grown on small plantations, it raises the question: is the coconut industry sustainable?
Understanding the Basics of the Coconut Industry
Coconut trees are used in various ways and exported for multiple purposes, including foodstuffs, gardening supplies, and other industrial products. The coconut trees are naturally organic and do not require any harmful pesticides to thrive. However, the sustainability of the industry varies across communities, and it is challenging to oversee and manage the industry’s sustainability at a large scale.
Impact on the Environment
The coconut industry’s impact on the environment can be evaluated by looking at water consumption and carbon footprint. While herbicides and pesticides are generally not needed, choosing organic coconut products can contribute to improving sustainability. Coconut production requires a moderate amount of water, and 2,687 litres of water are needed to produce one kilogram of coconuts. In terms of the carbon footprint, producing coconut products close to plantations can help reduce it. However, temperate climates cannot grow coconuts, resulting in a carbon footprint from sea freight.
Impact on Ecosystems and Wildlife
Coconut plantations can stabilize soil and are generally good for local ecosystems. However, some coconut producers use monkeys to harvest coconuts, which can be barbaric. It is essential to choose coconut products from reputable sources that do not engage in such practices. Deforestation could become a problem as the demand for coconuts increases to meet global demand, which needs to be addressed.
Impact on Local Communities
Coconut farming is a significant source of income for many communities in developing countries. The industry’s sustainability depends on eliminating worker exploitation and human rights violations. Many reputable factories have programs in place to help communities affected by typhoons, such as providing basic medical relief and food. However, these programs are not universally implemented, and without proper training and support, safety can be an issue for farmers who collect sap from tall trees twice daily.
In conclusion, the sustainability of the coconut industry is a complex issue with both positive and negative implications. While coconut production has a moderate impact on the environment, it can be a good source of income for many communities in developing countries. Still, the industry must be sustainable and eliminate worker exploitation and human rights violations. It is important to choose reputable sources and products to support sustainability.
